Kerala has witnessed various foreign powers, which settled down in various parts. The imposing forts such as the St.Angelo's Fort, Bekal Fort, Palakkad Fort built by these colonial powers speak volumes about the foreign influence on architecture.
Anchunthengu Fort
The historic remains of the Anchunthengu Fort in Thiruvananthapuram built by the English East India Company in the 17th century, and an adjoining cemetery are noteworthy relics of this first major British trading station on the Malabar coast.
Bekal Fort
Bekal Fort is the biggest fort in Kerala, spreading over forty acres. The important features of this fort are the tank with its flight of steps, the tunnel opening towards the south and observation tower. Observation Tower which is a rarity. This observation centre had strategic significance in finding out even the smallest movements of the enemy and ascertaining safety of the Fort.The fort was built exclusively for fulfilling the defense requirements.
Bekal served as an important military station of Tipu Sultan when he led the great military expedition to capture Malabar. Tipu Sulthan who died fighting against the British in 1799 saw the end of Mysorean control and subsequently the fort came under the British East India Company.
Chandragiri Fort
Chandragiri Fort built in the 17th century is in Kasargod District of Kerala, south India. It is a large squarish fort by the side of the river Payaswini. built a chain of forts of which Chandragiri is part. Chandragiri Fort offers a breathtaking view of the river and the Arabian Sea.
Hosdurg Fort
Hosdurg Fort is a fort in Kasargod district of Kerala state, south India. Hosdurg fort with its round bastion looks imposing from a distance. Somashekara Nayaka of Keladi Nayaka dynasty of Ikkeri built the fort. The place made well known by the Nithyanandasram with 45 caves.
Palakkad Fort
Palakkad Fort is an old granite fort situated in the heart of Palakkad town of Kerala state, southern India. It was built by Haider Ali in 1766 and remains one of the best preserved forts in Kerala.
Pallipuram Fort
Pallipuram Fort is in Ernakulam district of Kerala, south India. It was built by the Portuguese in 1503. It is the oldest existing European fort in India. In 1789 the Dutch captured the fort in 1661 and sold it to the State of Travancore. This fort is situated in the northern extremity of the Vypeen island.
Povval Fort
Povval Fort is an old fort in Kasargod district of Kerala state, south India. It is an old fashioned fort on the Kasargod-Mulleria route about 10 km from Kasargod town.
St. Angelo Fort
St. Angelo Fort (also known as Kannur Fort) is a fort facing the Arabian Sea, situated 3 km from the town of Kannur in Kerala state, south India.
Don Francisco De Almeida of Portuguese constructed this fort in 1505 AD. The Dutch captured the fort from Portuguese in 1663 they sold the fort to the king Ali Raja of Arakkal kingdom.
In 1790 the British seized it and transformed it into their chief military station in Malabar.
The Moppila Bay Harbor and Arakkal Mosque are near the fort.
Thalassery Fort
Thalassery Fort is in Thalassery (Tellicherry) a town in Kannur District of Kerala state in south India.
The British East India Company built the fort in 1708 to establish a stronghold on the Malabar Coast. In 1781 Hyder Ali, ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore, was unsuccessful in capturing the Fort in his campaign to control Malabar. His successor, Tipu Sultan, was forced to cede Malabar District to the British in 1792, at the conclusion of the Third Anglo-Maratha War.
The square fort, with its massive walls, secret tunnels to the sea and intricately carved huge doors, is an imposing structure. The fort was once the nucleus of Thalassery's development. It is now a historical monument.